Recently, EU countries formally adopted the proposal of collecting air pollution and noise pollution fees for trucks. The proposal states that each member state will turn this proposal into national laws and regulations within two years. Two years later, trucks in EU countries not only have to pay for road use fees but also have to pay for their own air and noise pollution. The fees collected will be used for the construction of transport infrastructure in EU member states.
As early as 2008, EU countries proposed to impose air pollution and noise pollution fees on large trucks that are driving in their territory. Because of the high rate of urbanization in Europe, air and noise pollution caused by truck transport can cause diseases and will affect More than 75% of European city residents have undergone protracted arguments and consultations. In October last year, the European Union officially announced that it would collect air and noise pollution fees from trucks travelling in the country. However, due to the possible increase in transportation costs during the charging process, the proponents and parties of the proposal issued a partial victory. The final supporters only won with 3 votes. Countries with opposing opinions included Italy, Spain, etc., including Austria and France. Wait.
The proposal stipulates that only trucks weighing more than 3.5 tons will be charged. When other transportation costs are involved, such as traffic congestion fees, they should be thrown out.
The draft also stipulates that EU member states must specify the amount of fiscal tax expenditures on the basis of "intended to reduce external transportation costs, especially traffic management systems and management methods for reducing pollution sources and developing other infrastructure." For the effect of future legislation, it is possible for member states to levy road use fees and transport-related environmental and social costs.
While the European Union collects noise pollution fees from trucks traveling within its scope, the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau has also recently issued the "2010 Beijing State of the Environment Bulletin" and stated that it is exploring the development of standards for noise emission from motor vehicles. Motor vehicles that do not meet the standards are regulated according to law.
Whether it is traffic accidents or air and noise pollution caused by transportation, policy makers are trying to internalize the external costs of transportation. Their purpose is to make resources more reasonably available. The overall direction is to make social benefits. (Social welfare) is maximized. The public can also obtain more accurate information on transportation costs and benefits from prices in order to make the right choices in various alternatives, and in particular to make traffic participants aware of all the unnecessary costs incurred by driving, thereby reducing adverse impacts. To achieve sustainable development of transport and promote the use of economic and social environmental resources more effectively.
The internationally accepted composition of external costs for computing transportation includes noise, air pollution, global warming, congestion, and cost of accidents. Among them, noise costs include both willingness to pay and health risks. Willingness to pay is related to the number of people affected by noise, to health risks and to the number of people affected by noise greater than 60 decibels and the value of risk.
Most experts frankly stated that the calculation of external transportation costs requires a lot of data support, especially the acquisition of some of these data is a major issue. This process requires a large number of questionnaire surveys and suits China's actual investigator program.
However, due to weaker research on the external transportation cost theory and its calculation methods in China, coupled with the low level of attention paid to the environment by the people, it is only after the economy has developed to a certain extent that the same mistakes have been made, and the environment is destroyed to a certain extent. With the improvement of population density, per capita GDP, traffic flow, noise level, and other specific conditions, the country cannot formulate corresponding laws and regulations with reference to EU countries.
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