Recently, Peking University School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics researcher Xiaofeng Feng and Academician Gong Qihuang were invited in the world-renowned journal Advanced Materials magazine entitled "Single Nanoparticle Detection Using Optical Microcavities" review paper (DOI : 10.1002 / adma.201604920). Optical microcavity sensing is a highly sensitive detection technique developed in recent ten years, and the detection limit can reach the level of single molecule. Microcavity sensing has shown great potential in the fields of biochemical research, environmental testing and national security, and the related research has become very competitive in the international academic community.
Ultra-sensitive sensing detection technology, especially the detection limit to achieve nanoscale single particle sensing technology for basic research and practical application are of great significance. For example, in the field of biochemistry, there is an urgent need to understand the behavior of individual molecules relative to the properties exhibited by agglomerates. Rapid detection of a single virus or molecule, however, plays a crucial role in developing a rational treatment regime. Sensitive sensing technology also plays an indispensable role in environmental monitoring and national security. Among them, the optical sensing technology has the advantages of non-physical contact, non-destructive, anti-electromagnetic interference and easy to operate, becoming one of the hot research directions of high sensitive sensing. The core physical mechanism of optical sensing is the interaction between the probe light and the object to be detected; in particular, the stronger the interaction, the higher the detection sensitivity. In recent years, high-quality optical microcavities have been shown to be one of the most potential systems for single-particle detection of nanoscale due to the significant enhancement of light-matter interactions.
This review first reviews the development of optical microcavity sensing, mainly focusing on whispering gallery mode microcavities and photonic crystal microcavities, summarizes two sensing mechanisms of optical microcavity sensing: dispersive and dissipative sensing, And compares the noise impact caused by two kinds of measurement methods, such as transmission spectrum and reflection spectrum. Then, in the recent progress of microcavity sensing in international academia, how to make gain cavity and improve spectral resolution by suppressing experimental noise? , Thereby detecting smaller nanoscale particles; and how to improve the temporal resolution of measurements through microcavity mode and ringing phenomena. After systematically summarizing the principle of optical microcavity sensing and its progress in single nanoscale particle detection, the paper discusses the challenges in the practical application of microcavity sensing, such as the stability and specificity of sensing, The possible solutions are put forward and the future development of microcavity sensing is forecasted.
Single-molecule detection based on optical microcavity (photo from Advanced Materials)
The "Extreme Optical Innovation Research Team" has achieved a series of high-level original results in optical microcavity sensing. For example, they all achieved single nanoparticle detection using microcavity-enhanced backscatter and micro-cavity Raman lasers [PNAS 111 (41), 14657 (2014); Advanced Materials 25 (39) The results were selected into "2014 Top Ten Scientific and Technological Progress in Chinese Universities". Based on the enhanced sensitivity of ultra-high quality optical microcavities, a sensorless sensing technique based on dissipative interaction was further developed. The real-time detection of nanoscale single particles was successfully achieved [Physical Review Applied 5, 02401 (2016)] and was commented on simultaneously as "a significant step toward practical optical sensing." Research results included in the journals cover 5 times, more than 20 times by Phys. Org, Nanowerk and Materials Views and other famous international news site highlights. Recently, team member Xiao Yunfeng was invited to organize the Special Symposium (Optical Microcavities for Ultrasensitive Detection) at the International Laser and Optoelectronics Conference (CLEO). The CLEO Conference is one of the world's top laser and optoelectronics conferences and is co-hosted by the American Optical Society (OSA), the International Electrotechnical Society (IEEE) and the American Physical Society (APS), once a year. In addition to the normal conference schedule, only 5-6 special topics are organized at a time.
The research has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Science and Technology, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Collaborative Innovation of Quantum Materials Science and Extreme Optical Collaborative Innovation Center.
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